Yet empirical evidence on the causal role of medical mistrust for racial health disparities remains thin. 1993 Cutler, Lleras-Muney, and Vogl 2011) and a growing qualitative literature suggests that mistrust of healthcare institutions partially contributes to these inequities. But socioeconomic status is not fully determinant of these gaps ( Adler et al. Many factors contribute to such disparities, including lower income and education, lack of health insurance, and higher rates of disengagement from the labor force. Compared to other demographic groups, black men have higher death rates from chronic conditions such as HIV/AIDS, heart disease, and cancer, including lung, prostate, and colon ( Kaiser Family Foundation 2007). 1 Although recent trends have shown signs of improvement, particularly at younger ages, the gradients for older men are still sobering the expectation of life for black men at age 45 is three years less than for their white male peers and five years less than for black women ( Murphy 2013). Our estimates imply life expectancy at age 45 for black men fell by up to 1.5 years in response to the disclosure, accounting for approximately 35% of the 1980 life expectancy gap between black and white men and 25% of the gap between black men and women.Īfrican-American men have the worst health outcomes of all major ethnic, racial, and demographic groups in the United States.
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We find that the disclosure of the study in 1972 is correlated with increases in medical mistrust and mortality and decreases in both outpatient and inpatient physician interactions for older black men. To identify the study’s effects on the behavior and health of older black men, we use an interacted difference-in-difference-in-differences model, comparing older black men to other demographic groups, before and after the Tuskegee revelation, in varying proximity to the study’s victims. The study’s methods have become synonymous with exploitation and mistreatment by the medical profession.
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JEL Codes: I14, O15 For forty years, the Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in the Negro Male passively monitored hundreds of adult black males with syphilis despite the availability of effective treatment.